What is a cation?

A cation is defined as a positively charged ion. This occurs when an atom or a molecule loses one or more electrons, resulting in a net positive charge. The loss of electrons is crucial because electrons carry a negative charge, and when they are removed, the balance between protons (which are positively charged) and electrons is disrupted, leading to an overall positive charge.

Understanding cations is essential in wastewater treatment because they play a significant role in various chemical reactions, including precipitation and adsorption processes. Cations are often involved in the formation of salts and can influence the solubility and mobility of nutrients and pollutants in water. In the context of wastewater treatment, recognizing the behavior and interaction of cations can help in monitoring water quality and optimizing treatment processes.